Efficient Market Hypothesis and Behavioural Finance

Effective Market Hypothesis and Behavioral Finance 1.1 Aim of Chapter This section intends to give an outline of the thesis. To begin with, general foundations concerning the proficient market speculation (EMH), conduct fund and market abnormalities are referenced quickly so as to give better comprehension about the cutting edge zone of budgetary investigation. At that point, two contradicted ideas of speculation techniques, Contrarian Strategies and Momentum Strategies, are tended to prompting the following area which notice the primary reason and rundown of discoveries of this examination. Ultimately, the structure of the thesis has been laid out toward the finish of the part. 1.2 Background of information about effective market theory (EMH) The hypothesis of market theory (EMH) is one of the most pivotal speculations in standard account that have been reconsidered and tried in the course of recent decades to reveal its flaw. This hypothesis was presented by Professor Eugene Fama in 1970. As characterized in his article, the productive market is where protections are valued, anytime of time, by available data. It is accepted that the business sectors are incredibly productive that individual stocks and financial exchanges in general are completely reflected by all accessible data. At the point when new data enters the market, stock costs joins the news and reacts rapidly with our any deferrals; accordingly security costs are the exact wellspring of information which can be utilized as signs in exchanging venture process. By looking at the degree of how applicable data reflects in security costs, Fama (1970) orders the market productivity into three structures: frail, semi-solid and solid types of EMH. Be that as it may, this hypothesis depends on specific suppositions, for instance, there is no exchange cost paid in exchanging protections and it is costless for all members to assemble data accessible in the business sectors. The feeble type of EMH is the condition that exists when offer costs are completely reflected by exchanging information, for example, past cost (or return) accounts. Consequently, financial specialists can't abuse mispriced protections and procure abundance returns by utilizing authentic stock citations or outlines. Semi-solid type of EMH is the condition that exists when offer costs fuses advertise exchanging information and freely accessible data. The instances of this kind of data are declarations of yearly profit, stock parts, yearly reports, examiner gauges, and so forth. As a result, speculators can't show gains by depend just on crucial and full scale financial matters information. Solid type of EMH is the condition that exists when market costs of stocks balanced by each sort of available data. This incorporates covered up inside data which are known among explicit gathering in the organization (for example the top administrators and gathering of operational chiefs) or a few people that have monopolistic access to data (for example administrations of shared assets). Hence, irregular benefits can't be produced by either utilizing inner or outside data of the organization. At the end of the day, both individual and expert financial specialists can't beat the market and acquire abundance returns inside and out because of the ideal productivity of the securities exchanges. As asserted by proficient market theory, market will be effective in frail structure if the past and future returns are not associated, as it were, they are autonomously and indistinguishably disseminated. Accordingly this alludes to the possibility of the irregular walk model. Notwithstanding, Fama (1970) asserts in his writing that the trial of irregular walk model prompts the proof of powerless structure EMH, yet not the other way around. Burton (2003) distinguishes the meaning of arbitrary stroll in his paper that it is where the progression of data on explicit day is fused in stock costs on that day just, not for the ensuing time frame. The news declared in the market is eccentric, in this way stock costs changes are shown in an arbitrary example. As an outcome, ignorant speculators can acquire equivalent pace of profits as what accomplished by proficient financial specialists on the off chance that they long situation in all around broadened portfolios. In his paper, Burton attempts to inspect the analysis of the effective market speculation and the possibility that stock costs can be anticipated dependent on starting valuation parameters (for example value income different or profit yield). He utilizes time-arrangement examinations of bookkeeping numbers and products and thinks of the outcomes uncovering that the stocks advertise are effective enough, however it is hard to foresee the offer costs. In addition, the discoveries likewise uncover that strange conduct of stock costs may exist, however financial specialists can't make portfolio exchanging opportunity and increases abundance chance balanced returns. Fama (1997) states in his investigation that there are numerous written works concerning social account and market irregularities challenge the theory of proficient market. The contradicted thought proposes that stock costs gradually assimilate data accessible, which can be indicated as the market wastefulness. 1.3 Behavioral Finance and Market Anomalies Conduct money is the new region of monetary investigation focusing on the brain science of market and its members. This field of study has begun to show up in numerous scholarly diaries from 1990s. Shefrin (2002) distribute a book with respect to the social fund attempting to discover and clarify explanation for the conduct of speculators, both expert and person. The creator recommends that financial specialists, who are once in a while inclined to recognize mix-ups and mistakes, will in general depend on their passionate and mental powers, accordingly this causes many market irregularities, the state where there is wastefulness in securities exchanges, to happen. Two notable papers of Berberis, Shleifer, and Vishny (1998) and Daniel, Hirshleifer, and Subramanyam (1997) proposed conduct models to clarify the clashing hypothesis of effective market speculation. They dismiss the past conviction with the recommendation that the social inclinations (for example judgment inclination) of speculators cause the abnormalities and thump down the old hypothesis behind. They present the ideas of over-response and under-response which obliges the presence of long haul overabundance returns. Berberis, Shleifer, and Vishny (1996) make a model dependent on psychological brain science of two judgment inclinations: the representativeness predisposition and conservatism. In their investigation, the observational discoveries of investors’ practices are isolated into two fundamental gatherings: one sees that profit are mean-returning. In this way, stock costs show a postponed momentary reaction and under-respond to change in income. Another gathering accepts that firms’ income are drifting which prompts the overcompensation in stock costs. The income follow the arbitrary walk process; consequently, this prompts inversion of long haul returns. Daniel, Hirshleifer, and Subramanyam (1997) have various perspectives in leading the conduct models. They split the example gathering of financial specialists into two classes: educated and ignorant speculators. They find that judgment inclinations are not found among the clueless financial specialists, yet distinguished among the educated ones. Educated financial specialists are the gathering of individuals that decide the stock costs. They are presented to two sorts of social inclinations: presumptuousness and self-attribution predispositions. Carelessness causes the exaggeration in financial specialists impression of their private stock costs signals, while self-attribution predisposition makes speculators underweight the open signals about the estimation of organizations. Along these lines, the situation of overcompensation to private data and under-response to open data produces continuation of stock returns in the short run. Overcompensation prompts the idea of contrarian contr ibuting, while underreaction instigates the hypothesis of energy contributing. 1.4 Investment Strategies 1.4.1 Contrarian Investing Contrarian contributing is the system that means to create benefits by putting resources into the bearing that conflicts with the regular speculators. In ordinary condition, childish financial specialists, who overweight the ongoing patterns of past stocks costs and utilize this data to anticipate future costs, take part in purchasing stocks with great execution in the past trusting that it will keep on performing admirably soon. Notwithstanding, contrarian contributing spotlights on the other way. Individuals who utilize this methodology will in general purchase the offers that others have abandoned due to either their poor past presentation or their hopeless and muddled future possibility. They anticipate that the market should respond to the conduct of the group, with the goal that they can abuse the mispricing of protections and gain anomalous returns. 1.4.2 Momentum Investing Energy contributing is the procedure that is something contrary to contrarian contributing. Individuals who utilize this system look for making benefits by depending on the duration of the past stock costs and patterns in the market trying to anticipate planned costs later on. It is accepted that the great stocks with cost increments and solid execution in the past will continue outflanking and create gains later on, and the other way around for the poor stocks. Consequently, energy contributing proposes financial specialists to hold stocks that had significant yields and sell those that had low returns (purchase victors and sell washouts). The definite of these two speculation procedures will be talked about in the following part which the two techniques will be bolstered by existing observational confirmations from a few eminent scholastic papers. 1.5 Purpose and Findings of the Research The reason for this examination is to inspect the gainfulness of energy procedures, which is one of the most discussed venture methodologies in budgetary investigation, in the UK securities exchange. This paper utilizes the costs and returns information of FTSE 100 composites †the best 100 greatest organizations in London Stock Exchange †as an intermediary of the entire UK stocks. The perception time frame lies between July 21, 2000 to July 21, 2010, which gives a sum of

Lexicology Free Essays

HANDBOOK OF WORD-FORMATION Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory VOLUME 64 Managing Editors Marcel lair Dikken, City University of New York Liliane Haegeman, University of Lille Joan Maling, Brandeis University Editorial Board Guglielmo Cinque, University of Venice Carol Georgopoulos, University of Utah Jane Grimshaw, Rutgers University Michael Kenstowicz, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Hilda Koopman, University of California, Los Angeles Howard Lasnik, University of Maryland Alec Marantz, Massachusetts Institute of Technology John J. McCarthy, University of Massachusetts, Amherst Ian Roberts, University of Cambridge The titles distributed in this arrangement are recorded toward the finish of this volume. HANDBOOK OF WORD-FORMATION Edited by PAVOL STEKAUER Pre o University, Pre ov, Slovakia ov e and ROCHELLE LIEBER University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, U. We will compose a custom article test on Lexicology or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now S. A. A C. I. P. List record for this book is accessible from the Library of Congress. ISBN-10 ISBN-13 ISBN-10 ISBN-10 ISBN-13 ISBN-13 1-4020-3597-7 (PB) 978-1-4020-3597-5 (PB) 1-4020-3595-0 (HB) 1-4020-3596-9 (digital book) 978-1-4020-3595-1 (HB) 978-1-4020-3596-8 (digital book) Published by Springer, P. O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. www. springeronline. com Printed on corrosive free paper All Rights Reserved  © 2005 Springer No piece of this work might be imitated, put away in a recovery framework, or transmitted in any structure or using any and all means, electronic, mechanical, copying, microfilming, recording or something else, without composed authorization from the Publisher, except for any material provided explicitly to be entered and executed on a PC framework, for selective use by the buyer of the work. Imprinted in the Netherlands. Substance PREFACE CONTRIBUTORS vii 1 ANDREW CARSTAIRS-MCCARTHY: BASIC TERMINOLOGY 1. The idea of the semantic sign 1. 1 EVIDENCE FOR THE MORPHEME-AS-SIGN POSITION IN SAUSSURE’S COURS 1. 2 EVIDENCE FOR THE WORD-AS-SIGN POSITION IN SAUSSURE’S COURS Morpheme and word 2. 1 CASE STUDY: ENGLISH NOUN PLURAL FORMS (PART 1) 2. 2 CASE STUDY: THE PERFECT PARTICIPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH VERBS 2. 3 CASE STUDY: ENGLISH NOUN PLURA L FORMS (PART 2) 2. 4 COMPLEMENTARY DISTRIBUTION AND INFLECTION VERSUS DERIVATION ‘Morphemes’ since the 1960s 5 7 8 10 11 14 17 18 20 25 2. 3. ELLEN M. KAISSE: WORD-FORMATION AND PHONOLOGY 1. Presentation vi 2. Substance Effects of lexical class, morphological structure, and join type on phonology 2. 1 EFFECTS OF LEXICAL CATEGORY AND OF MORPHOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY 2. 2 COHERING AND NON-COHERING AFFIXES Morphology constrained by the phonological type of the base of appendage Lexical phonology and morphology and its ills More ongoing advancements of lexical phonology and morphology How do related words influence one another? The cycle, transderivational t impacts, worldview consistency and such Do the clinging appends f rm a rational set? Split bases, SUBCATWORD fo and phonetics in morphology Conclusion 26 28 32 34 38 39 41 45 . 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. GREGORY STUMP: WORD-FORMATION AND INFLECTIONAL MORPHOLOGY 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. The calculated contrast among emphasis and word-development The inflectional classifications of English Practical models for recognizing affectation from word-arrangement Practical measures for recognizing inflectional periphrases Some similitudes among expression and word-devel opment Complex communications among enunciation and word-arrangement Inflectional ideal models and word-development standards 7. 1 PARADIGMS AND HEAD MARKING IN INFLECTION AND DERIVATION 7. 2 PARADIGMS AND BLOCKING IN INFLECTION AND DERIVATION 9 49 50 53 59 60 61 65 67 CONTENTS ANDREW SPENCER: WORD-FORMATION AND SYNTAX 1. 2. Presentation Lexical relatedness and language structure 2. 1 MORPHOTACTICS IN CLASSICAL US STRUCTURALISM 2. 2 MORPHOLOGY AS SYNTAX 2. 3 LEXICAL INTEGRITY Syntactic wonders inside words Argument structure acknowledgment 4. 1 DEVERBAL MORPHOLOGY 4. 1. 1 Action nominals 4. 1. 2 Nominals signifying linguistic capacities 4. 1. 3 - capable descriptors 4. 2 SYNTHETIC COMPOUNDS AND NOUN INCORPORATION Theoretical ways to deal with word arrangement Summary and afterword vii 73 74 78 82 83 87 88 89 93 99 3. 4. 5. 6. Health food nut KASTOVSKY: HANS MARCHAND AND THE MARCHANDEANS 1. 2. Presentation Hans Marchand 2. 1 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 2. 2 SYNCHRONIC APPROACH 2. 3 MOTIVATION 2. 4 MORPHONOLOGICAL ALTERNATIONS 2. 5 THE CONCEPT OF SYNTAGMA 2. 6 GENERATIVE-TRANSFORMATIONAL INFLUENCE 2. 7 ANALYSIS OF COMPOUNDS 2. 8 PRECURSOR OF LEXICALIST HYPOTHESIS 99 100 101 102 104 105 106 3. Klaus Hansen 107 3. 1 GENERAL 107 3. 2 WORD-FORMEDNESS VS. WORD-FORMATION 107 3. 3 WORD-FORMATION PATTERN VS. WORD-FORMATION TYPE108 3. 4 ONOMASIOLOGICAL APPROACH VS. SEMASIOLOGICAL APPROACH 109 viii 4. Substance Herbert Ernst Brekle 4. GENERAL 4. 2 FRAMEWORK 4. 3 BREKLE’S MODEL 4. 4 PRODUCTION AND INTERPRETATION OF COMPOUNDS Leonhard Lipka 5. 1 GENERAL 5. 2 THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENT Dieter Kastovsky 6. 1 GENERAL 6. 2 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 6. 3 WORD-FORMATION AT THE CROSSROADS OF MORPHOLOGY, SYNTAX, SEMANTICS, PRAGMATICS AND THE LEXICON Gabriele Stein (Lady Quirk) Conclusion 109 110 112 113 114 115 116 118 125 126 127 128 130 132 133 134 136 138 141 142 143 5. 6. 7. 8. TOM ROEPER: CHOMSKY’S REMARKS AND THE TRANSFORMATIONALIST HYPOTHESIS 1. Nominalizations and Core Grammar 1. Center CONTRAST 1. 2 TRANSFORMATIONS The Subject Enigma 2. 1 PASSIVE - ABILITY NOMINALIZATIONS 2. 2 - ING NOMINALIZATIONS Case Assignment 3. 1 COPING WITH EXCEPTIONS 3. 2 THEMATIC-BINDING Intriguing Issues: Aspectual Differentiation of Nominalization Affixes Where do Affixes Attach? Expounded Phrase Structure and Nominalizations 6. 1 BARE NOMINALS: PREDICTABLE RESTRICTIONS 6. 2 HIGH - ING 6. 3 ACCUSATIVE AND - ING NOMINALIZATIONS 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Substance 7. End ix 144 SERGIO SCALISE AND EMILIANO GUEVARA: THE LEXICALIST APPROACH TO WORD-FORMATION AND THE NOTION OF 147 THE LEXICON 1. . 3. 4. A definition A Brief History 2. 1 LEES (1960) The Lexicon Lexicalism 4. 1 HALLE (1973) 4. 2 ARONOFF (1976) 4. 2. 1The Word-based Hypothesis 4. 2. 2 Word-Formation Rules 4. 2. 3 Productivity 4. 2. 4 Restrictions on WFRs 4. 2. 5 Strata l highlights 4. 2. 6 Restrictions on the yield of WFRs 4. 2. 7 Conditions 4. 2. 8 Summary on Word-Formation Rules Some Major Issues 5. 1 STRONG AND WEAK LEXICALISM More on the Notion of Lexicon Lexicalism Today 7. 1 INFLECTIONAL MORPHOLOGY 7. 2 SYNTACTIC MORPHOLOGY 7. 3 THE SYNTACTIC INCORPORATION HYPOTHESIS 7. 4 WORD-FORMATION AS SYNTAX 7. Dispersed MORPHOLOGY Conclusion 147 148 150 151 153 157 158 159 161 162 166 170 171 173 174 176 178 180 181 189 5. 6. 7. 8. ROBERT BEARD AND MARK VOLPE: LEXEME - MORPHEME BASE MORPHOLOGY 1. Presentation 189 x 2. Substance The Three Basic Hypotheses of LMBM 2. 1 THE SEPARATION HYPOTHESIS 2. 2 THE UNITARY GRAMMATICAL FUNCTION HYPOTHESIS 2. 3 THE BASE RULE HYPOTHESIS Types of Lexical (L-) Derivation 3. 1 COMPETENCE: GRAMMATICAL L-DERIVATION 3. 1. 1 Feature Value Switches 3. 1. 2 Functional Lexical-Derivation 3. 1. 3 Transposition 3. 1. Expressive Derivations Conclusion 189 190 191 192 194 195 198 199 200 201 207 208 209 211 212 214 217 219 221 225 2 26 227 229 3. 4. Supplement PAVOL STEKAUER: ONOMASIOLOGICAL APPROACH TO WORD-FORMATION 1. 2. 3. Presentation Methods of Onomasiological Research Theoretical methodologies 3. 1 MILOS DOKULIL 3. 2 JAN HORECKY 3. 3 PAVOL STEKAUER 3. 3. 1 Word-development as an autonomous segment 3. 3. 2 The demonstration of naming 3. 3. 3 Onomasiological Types 3. 3. 4 Conceptual (onomasiological) recategorization 3. 3. 5 An Onomasiological Approach to Productivity 3. . 6 Headedness 3. 3. 7 Summary 3. 4 BOGDAN SZYMANEK 3. 5 ANDREAS BLANK 3. 6 PETER KOCH DAVID TUGGY: COGNITIVE APPROACH TO WORD-FORMATION 233 1. Essential thoughts of Cognitive syntax (CG) 1. 1 THE GRAMMAR OF A LANGUAGE UNDER CG 1. 2 LEXICON AND SYNTAX 233 235 CONTENTS 2. Outlines and models 2. 1 SCHEMAS AND ELABORATIONS 2. 2 PARTIAL SCHEMATICITY AND THE GROWTH OF SCHEMATIC NETWORKS 2. 3 PROTOTYPICALITY AND SALIENCE 2. 4 ACCESS TO THE STORE OF CONVENTIONAL KNOWLEDGE, INCLUDING NEIGHBORING STRUCTURES 2. 5 SANCTION Schemas for word developmen t 3. 1 SCHEMAS FOR WORDS 3. Mappings FOR CLEARLY IDENTIFIABLE WORD PIECES: STEMS AND AFFIXES AND CONSTRUCTIONAL SCHEMAS M 3. 3 COMPLEX SEMANTIC AND PHONOLOGICAL POLES 3. 4 SCHEMAS FOR COMPOUNDS 3. 5 STRUCTURAL DESCRIPTIONS, CREATIVITY AND PRODUCTIVE USAGE 3. 6 SANCTION (OF VARIOUS KINDS) FROM COMPONENTS 3. 7 COMPONENTS AND PATTERNS FOR THE WHOLE; OVERLAPPING PATTERNS AND MULTIPLE ANALYSES R A 3. 8 CONSTITUENCY Overview of different issues 4. 1 VALENCE 4. 2 THE MORPHOLOGY-SYNTAX BOUNDARY 4. 3 INFLECTION VS. Deduction What’s unique about English word development? End: Implications of representing morphology by blueprints I 235 236 238 239 240 244 246 248 251 254 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 267 268 270 271 272 274 276 3. 4. 5. 6. WOLFGANG U. DRESSLER: WORD-FORMATION IN NATURAL MORPHOLOGY 1. 2. Presentation Universal, framework autonomous morphological expectation 2. 1 PREFERENCES 2. 2 PREFERENCE FOR ICONICITY 2. 3 INDEXICALITY PREFERENCES 2. 4 PREFERENCE FOR MORPHOSEMANTIC TRANS PARENCY 2. 5 PREFERENCE FOR MORPHOTACTIC TRANSPARENCY 2. 6 PREFERENCE FOR BIUNIQUENESS 2. 7 FIGURE-GROUND PREFERENCES 2. 8 PREFERENCE FOR BINARITY xii CONTENTS 2. 9 OPTIMAL SHAPE OF UNITS 2. 0 ALTERNATIVE NATURALNESS PARAMETERS 2. 11 PREDICTIONS AND CONFLICTS 276 277 278 279 280 281 285 286 287 290 294 298 301 303 304 307 311 315 316 317 3. 4. Typological ampleness System-subordinate instinctive nature 4. 1 SYSTEM-ADEQUACY 4. 2 DYNAMIC VS. STATIC MORPHOLOGY 4. 3 UNIVERSAL VS. TYPOLOGICAL VS. Framework DEPENDENT NATURALNESS PETER ACKEMA AND

Playscript

This scene begins in Brian's room on a Saturday morning. He has quite recently got up and Susie, his sister, is calling him down for breakfast. Brian ðÿ™  conversing with himself) Ohhhhhh. Indeed! Tomorrow, we are heading off to the experience park. Susie ðÿ™  yelling) Brian, descend! Breakfast is prepared! (Brian steps down the steps into the lounge area where he meets Susie. The two of them take a seat at the table.) Brian: I can hardly wait to go to the experience park tomorrow. Susie: What! Mother said we are heading off to the Science Museum. Brian: No way I'm heading off to some moronic Museum. I need some fervor. Susie: The gallery is overall quite instructive. We can become familiar with a great deal. Brian: (losing his temper) don't we learn enough at school as of now? Susie: What we learn at school is only the essential things. At the Science Museum we can learn many interesting things about our reality. Brian: Well, I'm not all that interested. I would prefer to have a fabulous time. Susie: Learning about the world we live in is enjoyable. Brian: We definitely think about the world we live in. It is known as the earth and it is looking like a circle. Susie: Brian. There is a great deal more to find out about the earth than simply the name and the shape. Brian: Well we can become familiar with the earth some other time since I have been standing by unreasonably long for this to let this open door cruise me by. Susie: No, we can't! The Science Museum is shutting this week. We need to see it tomorrow or we will never get the chance to see it. Brian: (In a snide voice) well, that is only a disgrace. We will be missing it to such an extent. Susie: (embracing Brian) Please. Wouldn't you be able to simply postpone your experience trip this time? Brian: Oh Alright however simply this time. Susie: Thanks Brian. You're an extraordinary sibling.

Searching And Resources Example

Looking And Resources Example Looking And Resources †Book Report/Review Example Quest for and Downloading Resources Jenny Janca Walden July 18, Part Brief Analysis of Article This article helps on the meaning of vital hazard the board (â€Å"SRM†) and its relationship with Enterprise Risk Management (â€Å"ERM†). It likewise examines the basic strides in actualizing SRM rehearses inside an association just as a concise evaluation of ERM and the significance of creating rehearses inside an association. Part 2This article talks about Strategic Risk Management (â€Å"SRM†) and its relationship with Enterprise Risk Management (â€Å"ERM†). The creators, Mark Frigo and Richard Anderson are the two specialists in the vital hazard the executives region. Imprint Frigo is the chief of the Center for Strategy, Execution and Valuation and the Strategic Risk Management Lab in Kellstadt Graduate School of Business and Ledger. Richard Anderson is a Clinical Professor at the Center for Strategy, Execution and Valuation and the Strategic Risk Managem ent Lab at DePaul University. This article clarifies the conditions among SRM and ERM and furnishes strong research alongside extra readings for somebody needing to become familiar with the two techniques. The article is efficient and gives incredible instances of how SRM is an increasingly nitty gritty undertaking that should be proceeded as a component of an ERM association. The article plainly spreads out the connection between the two techniques and spreads out key advances and standards in creating SRM in an association. All in all, I saw this article as sagacious. It gives detail data about the contrasts among SRM and ERM. It additionally obviously spreads out that with the goal for SRM to be effectively executed in an association, a very much spread out ERM should be set up and upheld by the board. It gives the vital assets to know how the creators showed up with their proposals. The extra assets were additionally useful in attempting to acquire information in the field of ha zard the executives. Part 3 In â€Å"What is Strategic Risk Management,† Mark L. Frigo and Richard J. Anderson clarify the contrasts between Strategic Risk Management (â€Å"SRM†) and its relationship with Enterprise Risk Management (â€Å"ERM†). As per the creators, SRM is the detail and errand arranged procedure for distinguishing dangers that can obstruct an associations vital goal (Frigo, M.L. furthermore, Anderson, R.J., April 2011). ERM is the abrogating procedure the association experiences to recognize and accomplish key hazard management. The article expresses that so as to be effective actualizing SRM, an association must have set up an upheld ERM foundation, whereby official administration bolsters and comprehends the worth. The fundamental explanation being is that associations should have the option to comprehend and have the option to legitimize the abrogating costs that accompany the usage of SRM. In the current financial atmosphere, it is signifi cant that estimation of an activity to an association is imparted by real fiscal reserve funds. Research has indicated that short of what one-portion of organizations have put resources into hazard the executives (Beasley, M.S. furthermore, Frigo, M.L., May 2008). In expansion, the article utilizes significant and late research from different writers, to infer that SRM is a youthful procedure in numerous associations. This is because of the restricted financial plan and subsidizing that is accessible in the current monetary atmosphere. Research shows that SRM is regularly cut in spending dynamic. Consequently, the creators spread out clear advances and standards for accomplishing SRM in the association. The initial step recognized is to comprehend the development of the association. Is the association prepared to acknowledge and push ahead with a procedure for assessing and recognizing its hazard condition? What's more, the association must be prepared to consolidate this key hazard appraisal, assessment, and observing as a component of its general everyday activities (Frigo, M.L. what's more, Anderson, R.J., 2011). ReferencesBurkholder, G.J. (2010). Tips for Effective Online Composition and Communication. Retrieved from Walden University Online Classroom: http://sylvan.live.ecollege.comFrigo, Mark L; Anderson, Richard J. (Apr. 2011). Key Management. Recovered July 18, 2011 from Walden University Online Library.Watkins, R., Anderson, Richard J. (2011). Grasping Enterprise Risk Management: Practical Approaches for Getting Started, COSO.

Focus on Marketing at Northwestern Kellogg

Kellogg A quick glance at  Northwestern’s Kellogg School of Business: Kellogg currently ranks in fourth place as one of the best business schools (tied with MIT Sloan and Chicago Booth), according to US News World Report (March 2012). It was ranked #1 for marketing.  Ã‚   Northwestern Kellogg Class of 2013 Stats Some facts about Kellogg’s students: 5461 people applied to Kellogg in 2011; 484 students enrolled in the two-year MBA and MMM programs. The middle 80% age range of incoming students in 2011 was 25-30. The middle 80% age range of work experience was 3-7 years. The average GMAT score in 2011 was 713. Kellogg Academics Related to Marketing Students must complete a nine-course core in addition to the elective component. These courses cover all general management topics, including Marketing Management in the marketing department. There are two majors geared towards marketing students – Marketing and Marketing Management. The main difference between the two is that the former is for students seeking an in-depth understanding of the field and not planning to pursue marketing as central to their professional responsibilities. The latter is directed towards those in careers where marketing is central to their responsibilities. To concentrate in Marketing, students must take two required courses – Marketing Management (part of the core, as mentioned above) and Research Methods in Marketing – and two elective courses in the area of marketing (see below). For those pursuing a major in Marketing Management, the requirements are as follows: four required courses – Advanced Topics in Marketing, Marketing Strategy in the C Suite and the Boardroom, and the two courses listed above – as well as three elective courses. Elective courses: Kellogg’s course offerings in marketing are extraordinarily rich. We are only listing a few of its courses below. For anyone seriously thing of majoring in Marketing or Marketing Management, please review the full course list at http://www1.kellogg.northwestern.edu/dpco/catinfo.asp?dept_seqno=5. MKTG-451 Marketing Channel Strategies MKTG-452 Consumer Insight Tools MKTG-453 Business Marketing MKTG-454 Advertising Strategy MKTG-455 Media and Integrated Marketing (formerly MEDM-431) MKTG-458 Consumer Behavior MKTG-459 Services Marketing and Management MKTG-462 Pricing, Promotion and Retailer Behavior MKTG-463 Sales Force Management MKTG-464A The Management of Product Development MKTG-465 Marketing-Led Innovation MKTG-466 Marketing Strategy MKTG-468 Technology Marketing MKTG-499 Independent Study MKTG-913 Internet Marketing MKTG-922 Advanced Topics in Marketing MKTG-940 Marketing Strategy in the C Suite and the Boardroom MKTG-945 Design Lab MKTG-951 Sports Marketing and Management MKTG-952 Strategic Data-Driven Marketing MKTG-953 Information Technology Based Marketing MKTG-955 Empirical Tools in Marketing Strategy HEMA-914 Biomedical Marketing (formerly BIOT-914-0) TECH-917 Strategic and Analytical Customer Relationship Management Students must also take one credit to fulfill the global elective requirement. For marketing students, Global Marketing would be a good choice. Marketing Research Centers at Kellogg Center for Global Marketing Practice Center for Market Leadership Center for Research in Technology Innovation Financial Institutions and Markets Research Center Kellogg Team Group Research Center Kellogg Clubs and Competitions for Marketing Students Marketing Club Public Speaking Club Design Club Marketing Conference Retail + Luxury Goods Club Sports Business Club Media Entertainment Club Annual Kellogg Marketing Competition Marketing Employment Stats at Kellogg In 2011, 19% of Kellogg graduates accepted full-time jobs in marketing (as a function), the second most popular function after consulting (40%). Function % of Hires (totaling 19%) Salary Average Brand/Product Management 11 $100,929 Merchandising/Retail 1 $108,333 Other Marketing 5 $103,776 Sales 1 $101,411    For internships for the class of 2011, 24% of students landed marketing internships. Top hirers for full-time and internship positions include: Name of Company Number of Full-Time Students Hired, 2011 Number of Interns Hired, 2011 PepsiCo, Inc. 9 11 Google, Inc. 7 8 Apple, Inc. 7 8 Amazon 7 4 Johnson Johnson 6 6 Procter Gamble 6 N/A General Mills 5 N/A Groupon 5 7 Microsoft 5 6 Target 5 11 Sears Holding Corporation 4 3 EJ Gallo Winery 3 4    Are you applying to Northwestern’s Kellogg School of Business? Please see our Kellogg B-School Zone, Kellogg Application Packages, and Kellogg 2013 MBA Application Questions, Deadlines, Tips for more information on how Accepted.com can help you get accepted.   Accepted.com ~ Helping You Write Your Best

The PANCE and PANRE Content Blueprint Checklist

Your Blueprint to Success Starts Here! If you are at all like me the hardest part of studying for your PANCE or PANRE is figuring out where to begin. There is an ever-growing list of review books, podcasts, online programs, in-person review courses, and anecdotal recommendationsto choose from. It's overwhelming! So the key to success is to choose one or two, set a study schedule and STICK WITH IT! The NCCPA is kind enough to provide us with a list of topics that will be on the exam in the form of the NCCPA Content Blueprint. This year for the first time, the PANCE and PANRE blueprints are different. New for 2019! I have also created two new interactive PANCE and PANRE/Pilot alternative blueprints accessible on my smartypance.com website which make studying blueprint topics a breeze. They are freely available in both an online and hyperlinked PDF format. Interactive Content Blueprint for the PANCE / (Download PDF) Interactive Content Blueprint for the PANRE/ (Download PDF) When creating exam questions the NCCPA does not deviate from this list of required topics. Sometimes their questions are frustratingly complex or convoluted for sure, but, it is a safe bet that if you know the key terms from each of these topics you will pass your exam. To make this a bit less overwhelming for PANRE test takers the content blueprint is now divided into three assessment levels. Level 1: Recognize the most likely diagnosis and refer appropriately Level 2: Make a diagnosis, interpret results and know the first-line treatment Level 3: Know everything along with how to manage comorbid conditions, contraindications, and complications The take-home message from the NCCPA is clear: follow the blueprint and your success is guaranteed, but who has time to review and memorize 482 diseases? The NCCPA PANCE Content Blueprint Cardiology 13% 11 subsections 51 disorders Pulmonary 10% 8 subsections 31 disorders GI and Nutrition 9% 14 subsections 38 disorders Musculoskeletal 8% 9 subsections 36 disorders ENT 7% 26 subsections 61 disorders Reproductive 7% 11 subsections 46 disorders Neurology 7% 13 subsections 34 disorders Endocrinology 7% 7 subsections 17 disorders Infectious Disease 6% 8 subsections 41 disorders Psychiatry/Behavioral Science 6% 16 subsections 18 disorders Genitourinary 5% 10 subsections 25 disorders Renal 5% 7 subsections, 14 disorders Dermatology 5% 14 subsections 55 disorders Hematology 5% 7 subsections 15 disorders Total:14 organ systems and 482 diseases/disorders The NCCPA PANRE Content Blueprint Cardiology 13% 45 disorders (level 1) 7 level three 29 level two Pulmonary 10% 18 disorders 6 level three 16 level two GI and Nutrition 11% 37 disorders 3 level three 22 level two Musculoskeletal 8% 28 disorders 0 level three 16 level two EENT 8% 38 disorders 3 level three 25 level two Reproductive 7% 25 disorders 0 level three 10 level two Neurology 7% 22 disorders 3 level three 12 level two Endocrinology 6% 14 disorders 5 level three 7 level two Infectious Disease 6% 20 disorders 2 level three 17 level two Psychiatry/Behavioral Science 5% 12 disorders 0 level three 5 level two Genitourinary 5% 17 disorders 0 level three 11 level two Renal 3% 5 disorders 0 level three 3 level two Dermatology 6% 27 disorders 1 level three 22 level two Hematology 4% 12 disorders 0 level two 3 level two Total:14 organ systems and 320 diseases/disorders (92 level one only / 198 level two / 30 level three) Some topics are very narrow such as viral croup, other topics are extremely broad such as normal labor and delivery... I mean seriously how do you even begin to wrap your head around this one? Hence, these easy to use, interactive PANCE and PANRE checklists. I have also been compiling PANCE and PANRE Blueprint Pearls with flashcards sets to simplify the review process, allowing you to hone in on the questions stems that will guide you to the correct answer. Print it up, download it, or access it online and start crossing out the topics you understand, marking the ones you don't and making notes of key terms you would like to remember. The PDF version is interactive and linked directly to the individual lessons on SMARTY PANCE. Follow the links below to download your PANCE or PANRE interactive checklist (online or PDF) Interactive Blueprint for the PANCE / (PDF) Interactive Blueprint for the PANRE / (PDF) This is a completely interactive checklist and unlike a static book, I have created a searchable online index of the entire content blueprint as part of the Smarty PANCE/PANCE board review website. The checklist links to each of these 467 topics, members can simply click on a topic to explore it further. Also included are 13 topic-specific content blueprint exams available to all members, as well as a slew of other exams and review material. Members of both the PANCE and PANRE Academy and Smarty PANCE receive access to both sites with a single login... Cool! If you areinterested in becoming a member you can sign up here (The PANCE and PANRE Academy) or here (Smarty PANCE + ReelDx) If you have any questions or need help along the way don't hesitate to drop me a line or leave me a message in the comments. Warmly, Stephen Pasquini PA-C You may also like -The PANCE and PANRE Preparation Checklist Let's break down your PANCE and PANRE preparation in as few steps as possible 1. Download the 'Examination Content Blueprint' (ECB) from the NCCPA The ECB lists the diseases that you should focus on and describes which information []Overview of the PANCE, PANRE and Pilot Alternative BlueprintsNew 2019 PANCE, PANRE and Pilot Alternative to PANRE blueprints. With a look at the new PANRE three-tier assessment system.The 4 Best PANCE and PANRE Study Guides and Review Books What are the best PANCE and PANRE board review books? Here are my picks for the top PANCE and PANRE review books of 2019 that have helped me score in the top 5% on both the PANCE and PANRE exams. You can browse my complete list []

Psychoanalytic Criticism Of Eveline - 1958 Words

James Joyce wrote a short story, â€Å"Eveline,† to discuss Eveline’s indecisiveness on whether to leave home or stay at home. In the first part of the story, Eveline lost the physical presence of her family and friends; they either preceded in death or moved to another place. As she tried to develop her new life with her father, she noticed her father’s â€Å"violent† actions that she does all she can to escape the violence. When she explored life with Frank, she developed feelings for Frank in order to escape home. However, Joyce ended the story with her motionless as the boat takes Frank without her. This leaves readers wondering what happened to Eveline. Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic criticism gives readers insight of what happened to Eveline†¦show more content†¦However, her relationship with her father became the most repressive moment of her life. Not only does the id contained the darkest wishes, it also contained her fears, mostly from her father. Joyce developed the father’s character where she wrote that Eveline’s father â€Å"was not so bad then.† However, as Eveline became nineteen, she â€Å"felt in danger of her father’s violence† (Joyce â€Å"Eveline†). This changed over time as Eveline got a new perception of her father, seeing him â€Å"go for† her brothers, Harry and Ernest as a little girl. However, the older she became, the more her father would threaten her to â€Å"do to her only for her mother’s sake,† leaving her defenseless against her father’s violence. In addition, her father met with Frank and quarreled against him, leaving her to keep her affair a secret (Joyce, â€Å"Eveline†). The change in her relationship with her father gave her intense fears that she could suffer the same fate as her mother. With her experience of the deaths of her family and friends and the abuse of her father, her deep desire to leave ho me came from those past experiences. However, her treatment of love and respect from Frank gave her expectations for better things in her life; those expectations are home to her where she can experience love, as she did long ago, and a husband she found attractive that will give her respect, different from her mother. TheShow MoreRelatedReview Of Eveline By James Joyce1684 Words   |  7 PagesJames Joyce’s short story, â€Å"Eveline,† displayed Eveline’s indecisiveness on whether to leave home or stay at home. In the first part of the story, Eveline lost the physical presence of her family and friends; they either preceded in death or moved to another place. As she tried to develop her new life with her father, she noticed her father’s violent actions that she does all she can to escape the violence (Joyce, par. 9). When she explored life with Frank, she developed feelings for Frank in orderRead MoreEssay about James Joyces The Dead3163 Words   |à ‚  13 Pagesfurther and continued to circle in the same position for centuries.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Coupled with his depiction of Dublin’s immobile status through his characters, James Joyce also exemplifies his theme of paralysis through snow. In Daniel R. Schwarz’s psychoanalytic criticism of The Dead, he explains that â€Å"the snow imagery focuses our attention on a world outside Gabriel†¦where as ice, it suggests the emotional sterility of a world reduced to social gestures, empty talk, and loveless relationships† (Schwarz 123)

Psychological Research into Individual Differences in...

Psychological Research into Individual Differences in Attachment An attachment is a close relationship between two persons, characterised by mutual affection and a desire to maintain proximity (Schaffer 1993). When you are attached to someone, you enjoy their company and are distressed when they are not there. The most common attachment researched is between a baby and its caregiver. Ainsworth et al (1978) researched secure and insecure attachments using the Strange Situation. This was to research individual in attachment and to see what types of attachment were formed between the mother and baby. One year old babies were observed during seven episodes to find evidence of separation protest†¦show more content†¦The child behaved indifferently towards the mother and stranger and avoided the mother when she returned. They could be comforted by the stranger. They only showed distress when they were left in the room by themselves. This showed that the mothers sensitivity in an essential factor to determine the strength of the childs attachment. The more sensitive a mother is towards her childs needs the more secure the child is attached. The less sensitive a mother is, the more insecure her child would be (either anxious-avoidant or anxious-resistant). The positive criticisms for Ainsworths study was said to be an important study in the history of attachment research, and that several more recent studies have shown that parental sensitivity causes attachment security. The negative criticisms for this research was that it a highly artificial and lacked ecological validity. Also, the attachment type couldnt happen if it was a fixed characteristic of the child. This is because if the family circumstances changed, then the attachment style would also change. Attachments are a feature to a unique relationship and could be different between a mother and her child, and a father and his child. The final criticism for this study was that it was very unethical for psychologists toShow MoreRelatedMonsters On The Brain : An Evolutionary Epistemology Of Horror Essay1455 Words   |  6 PagesAinsworth, Mary D. Bell, Silvia M. (1970) Attachment, exploration, and separation: Illustrated by the behavior of one-year-olds in a strange situation. Child Development, 41(1), pp. 49-67. Doi: 10.2307/1127388 Asma, S. T. (2014). Monsters on the brain: An evolutionary epistemology of horror. Social Research, 81(4), 941-968. Belsky, J., Steinberg, L., Draper, P. (1991). Childhood eExperience, iInterpersonal dDevelopment, and rReproductive sStrategy: An eEvolutionary tTheory of sSocializationRead MoreInfant Attachment Styles and General Anxiety Disorder in Adults1373 Words   |  6 PagesInfant Attachment styles and general anxiety disorder in adults Purpose The purpose of this study is to look at the relationship between infant attachment styles and psychological wellbeing, with general anxiety as a measure of psychological wellbeing. This study will use an adult sample that will go through psychological tests to determine what attachment style each individual had when they were infants. After establishing their attachment styles their general anxiety levels will be testedRead MoreSample Undergraduate Psychology Essay1591 Words   |  7 PagesIt was graded at 60% (A 2.1) and the bibliography is missing! Drawing on Freudian and Attachment Theories assess the Relationship between early years experiences and criminality. Psychological theories have attempted to explain the reasons for and how criminality occurs. The psychoanalytic perspective involves two major theories - Freuds theory of the Sexual Stages of Development and the Theory of Attachment purposed by Bowlby (1947). These theories conclude that there is an association betweenRead MoreThe Facebook Self : Characteristics And Psychological Predictors Of False Self Presentation On Facebook Essay1432 Words   |  6 Pages The journal that I am critiquing is called, â€Å"The Facebook-self: characteristics and psychological predictors of false self-presentation on Facebook,† and the main purpose and goal of the study is to argue and demonstrate that the use of Facebook can also be associated with other psychological problems, beyond addiction. It specifically suggests that the use of Facebook, and perhaps other social media sites, can promote false presentation of the self. False self-presentations are presumed toRead More The Develo pment of Attachment Essay1748 Words   |  7 Pagesknown as attachment theory. John Bowlby, the creator of this theory, wanted to examine how early childhood experiences influence personality development. Attachment theory specifically examines infant’s reactions to being separated from their primary caregiver. Bowlby hypothesized that the differences in how children react to these situations demonstrates basic behavioral differences in infancy that will have consequences for later social and emotional development. To study attachment theoryRead MoreThe Change Of Children Away From Their Caregivers.it1330 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay includes; the maturational change of children away from their caregivers.It also shows how risks of particular environments can influence a child’s facility to adapt,how children can be an active contributor to society based on their differences or similarities which promotes their attitudes and beliefs. Finally,how negative emotions can be accessible due to internal and external sources, which can make resilience and maturity even more important as they change and develop further throughoutRead MoreThe Making Of Darth Vader : Parent Child Care And The Dark Triad1171 Words   |  5 Pagesapproach to life, captured by the Dark Triad, orienting individuals towards seeking immediate returns in mating ( Jonason, Valentine, Li, Harbeson, 2011) and social relationships ( Jonason Webster, 2012). In addition, according to (Del Giudice Belsky, 2010), parents have a profound effect on children; potentially generating different patterns of attachment (Barthlomew Horowitz, 1991). The types of attachment includes secure attachment, which is thought to result from a positive and affirmingRead MoreAdult And Early Intimate Partner Violence1586 Words   |  7 Pageswill begin with a brief overview of attachment theory in adults and early intimate partner violence (IPV) research. After discussing this I will evaluate more research on different topics related to issues raised previously which include controlled studies, female violence, homosexual violence, the role of the victim and finally predictive research. These topics are the focus of this essays understanding of the different ways in which we understand IPV. Attachment theory was originally proposed byRead More1. Introduction. The Term Suicide-Related Behaviour (Srb)1521 Words   |  7 Pages1. Introduction The term suicide-related behaviour (SRB) broadly defines any injurious behavior inflicted upon oneself that is intended to cause harm (Silverman et al., 2007a). When looking at the research exploring the wide variability of SRB’s presentation, the literature is marked by inconsistent views and nomenclature (Silverman et al., 2007b). Still, SRB can be broadly subdivided according to the distinct motivation and intent to die, into two main subtypes: self harm (SH), also called self-mutilationRead MoreRelation: Infant Mother Attachment and Eating Disorders1510 Words   |  7 Pagespurpose of this paper is to correlate the links between infant mother attachment and eating disorder behavior. Throughout this paper the two main theorists that are looked at are Mary S. Ainsworth and John Bowlby. Mary S. Ainsworth’s framework of attachment theory began in Uganda, while studying individual difference in infant behavior, which is known as the Strange Situation. John Bowlby coin ed the theory of infant mother attachment based on object relations psychoanalytical theory and the conceptualization

Ethical Decision Making Ethical Issue Essay - 1470 Words

Ethical Decision Making Recognize an Ethical Issue 1 Could this decision or situation be damaging to someone or to some group? Does this decision involve a choice between a good and bad alternative, or perhaps between two goods or between two bads? This situation can be damaging to both parties. The first party involved could potentially face legal trouble or termination of their position. The second party may be damaged because it is taking away from the supplies used for customers and the needs of the business. This decision does not involve a choice between a good and a bad alternative. The employees are choosing to take the pizzas rather than pay for them, which they have been told they need to be paid for. 2 Is this issue about more than what is legal or what is most efficient? If so, how? This issue solely focuses on the legal aspect of the problem. Stealing is a crime and cannot be seen as efficient in any way. Although the owner probably would not press legal charges on his employees for stealing the pizzas, he may terminate them from the position, or cut but their hours drastically. Get the Facts, 3 What are the relevant facts of the case? What facts are not known? Can I learn more about the situation? Do I know enough to make a decision? The facts of this case are that employees were stealing pizzas from the business and eating them during their breaks. Generally there is a rule that pizzas are a $5 minimum depending on how many toppings and whatShow MoreRelatedEthical Issues : Aclu On The Decision Making Process1943 Words   |  8 Pages Ethical Issues : ACLU When researching the decision-making processes in which organizations encounter, from large fortune 500 companies to small private businesses, organizational culture has a major emphasis on the decision-making process. According to Kurtz, during the decision-making process and everyday operations of a organization, many ethical decisions which would be unacceptable in our society are deemed to be acceptable problem solving tactics (Kurtz, 2003). Our ethical decision-makingRead MoreApply Decision-Making Frameworks to It-Related Ethical Issue.1134 Words   |  5 Pagesso as to further this pursuit. From the advent of writing in pre-bronze age Mesopotamia to the creation of the printing press in Renaissance Germany to more modern inventions like the radio and telegraph, much of human history has been devoted to making this large world smaller and smaller and furthering our communication and interaction. In this vain, society invented the internet, possibly the most revolutionary piece of technology in human history. Like the other aforementioned innovations, theRead MoreEthical Decision Making on Various Managerial Accounting Issues6054 Words   |  25 PagesNumber 2  · 2004 Ethical Decision Making on Various Managerial Accounting Issues Arnold Schneider* Abstract This study examines five managerial accounting issues that have ethical implications. These issues are based on situations described in managerial accounting textbooks. To induce truthful responses, an approach called the randomized response technique is used. With this technique, estimates are obtained for responses to sensitive questions relating to the five issues. Results ranged fromRead MoreEthical Issues and Decision a Making in a Healthcare Facility: Honesty and Comptetence836 Words   |  3 PagesEthical issues and decision As a project manager, the most important rule I have to obey is to be honest. Obviously, I will not go with the dishonest suggestion provided by my team member. If we send a ‘demo version’ to the client, I strongly believe that the hospital will apply the prognostic system to their patients even after our warnings. Basically, I need to consider our company’s reputation. If the ‘demo system’ used by mental health care services and it causes accidents, such as misinputRead MoreEthical And Ethical Decision Making1500 Words   |  6 Pagesmore important than others, ethical decision making is a skill that has become increasingly pivotal. Jones states that a ‘moral issue is present where a person’s action, when freely performed, may harm or benefit others’ and defines ‘an ethical decision is a decision that is both legally and morally acceptable to the larger community’ (1991, p. 387). In order to create a company wide culture of ethics, employees must believe that the organization has a desire to be ethical and see proof of this fromRead MoreResolving Ethical Dilemmas767 Words   |  4 PagesResolving Ethical Dilemmas Calvin L Harris Jr. ETH 316 15 November 2012 Marlon Spencer Resolving Ethical Dilemmas Ethical issues are inevitable because we live in a world of diversity. Diversity brings many beliefs, attitudes and personalities. As a result, ethical issues are common. They come in many shapes, sizes, and favors. Even though ethical issues cannot be prevented, ethical issues can be resolved because sound decisions can by considering ethical lenses to address andRead MoreEthics Game Reflective Journal1042 Words   |  5 PagesJournal Ethical dilemmas surface daily in professional nursing practice. Whether you work in acute care, long-term care, hospice care, ambulatory care, managed care, or public health care chances are you will be responsible for making decisions in a situation of ethical concern. The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the ethical issues presented in the Ethics Game simulation, the decision-making process used to determine the solution to the dilemma, and apply concepts from the Ethical LensesRead MoreEthical Decisions1017 Words   |  5 PagesEthical Decisions July 8, 2012 Ethical Decisions Every individual is faces with ethical decisions every day in both their personal and professional lives. To avoid making unethical decisions, one must know what leads to poor decision making. Once a person knows what leads to the poor decision, they must find ways to resist making an unethical act. A person cannot make the right choice if they do not know how to avoid it. A leader must also know how to inspire ethical decisions withinRead MoreEthics Case Study: Clinical Psychologist Essay1244 Words   |  5 Pagesclinical psychologist is faced to ethical dilemmas of teaching a class that he is not competent in teaching, as well as a conflict of interest with the department chair that understands his dilemma, but wants him to abandon his principles and compromise ethics. American Psychologist Association (APA) developed ethical principles and codes to assist psychologist when they are faced with ethical dilemmas. Utilitarianism and Kant’s Formalist Theory are two model s of ethical reasoning the psychologist canRead MoreEthical Decision Making Model Analysis797 Words   |  4 PagesEthical Decision Making Model Making sound ethical decisions require an intentional process that utilizes thoughtful reflection, supervision/consultation, and action. Many ethical decision making models exist and the seven-step model introduced by Forester-Miller and Davis (1996) is a succinct amalgamation of these earlier models. The model by Forester-Miller and Davis (1996) follows seven progressive steps: (a) identify the problem, (b) apply the ACA Code of Ethics (2014), (c) determine the nature

The Theory Of Maslow / Herzberg Theory - 1148 Words

Q#3: use the theory of Maslow/Herzberg Theory to explain the decrease in employee motivation following the takeover and what step management should take to re-establish the employee motivation? Case Background: Icy foods was established in 1999 with the manufacturing of â€Å"Frozen ready Meals â€Å"in the beginning the company was expanding rapidly but in early developments the company was operated on informal basis ,operations were loosely divided into five departments.1) smith was using the approach for organized management , 2)employees were encourage for multi skill trainijng,3) open-door policy was followed but when the new management took place the company achieved its targets but the employee motivation getting decreased by the time because of the new policies absenteeism and employee turnover increased by 35% Maslow Theory: The psychologist Abraham Maslow developed a theory that suggests we, humans, are motivated to satisfy five basic needs. These needs are arranged in a hierarchy. Maslow suggests that we seek first to satisfy the lowest level of needs. Once this is done, we seek to satisfy each higher level of need until we have satisfied all five needs. The Hierarchy of Needs is as follows: 1. Physiological Needs (basic issues of survival such as salary and stable employment) 2. Security Needs (stable physical and emotional environment issues such as benefits, pension, safe work environment, and fair work practices) 3. â€Å"Belongingness† Needs (social acceptance issuesShow MoreRelatedThe Motivational Theories Of Abraham Maslow And Frederick Herzberg1106 Words   |  5 Pagesemployees. Employers should find better ways to motivate their staffs to achieve organizational objectives efficiently and effectively. Many psychologists understand the importance of motivation in the industry; they worked on various motivational theories which could help employers to have a fruitful and productive employee. According to Feldman, motivation is a factor that direct and energize the behaviors of humans and other organisms, in other words, an inner state that stimulates us to fulfillRead MoreMotivation Theory by Abraham Maslow and Frederick Herzberg Essay942 Words   |  4 Pagesare similar in their nature, these concepts or models could also be applied to the motivation of placement students in Hilton hotels in Prague. Two of the earlier on some of the most widely discussed theories on motivation were proposed by psychologists Abraham Maslow and Frederick Herzberg. Maslow introduced his Hierarchy of needs in 1943 and later fully developed it in 1954. This model consists of 5 levels of basic needs, often portrayed in a pyramid or triangular shape. The most fundamental needsRead MoreEssay on Case Study on Maslow, Herzberg, and Mcgregor’s Theories887 Words   |  4 PagesHow would I solve this problem using Maslow’s motivational theory? Abraham Maslow believed that to understand motivation at work, we much understand human motivation in general and he felt motivation arose from workers’ needs. These needs included: Physiological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. He felt that if these needs were met with the worker their motivation would provide a workplace that enabled employees to fulfill their own unique potentialRead MoreThe Maslow s Hierarchy Of Needs Theory And Herzberg s Two Factor Theory2010 Words   |  9 Pagesmotivation process, they donate maximum for accomplishing objectives. Without motivation, they may not have a suggestion to maintain or improve their efficiency. I like to explain about The Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs Theory and Herzberg s two-factor theory. Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs Theory ST = Self-Transcendence Examples ST Self - Actualization Esteem Love or belonging love and belonging Safety securityRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs, Herzberg s Hygiene Theory Essay883 Words   |  4 Pagesthat business† (Blasingame, 2015). This paper will discuss about how four motivational theories, which are Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, Herzberg’s motivator- hygiene theory, expectancy theory of Victor Vroom, and equity theory of J. Stacy Adams, effect the applications in the workplace, the Mintzberg’s managerial roles, and how organization use payroll as a tool to motivate employees. Psychologist Abraham Maslow is famous for the hierarchy of needs. He has divided the system into five groups in anRead MoreThe Main Factors That Can Drive Motivation, Using Theories By Abraham Maslow And Frederick Herzberg1410 Words   |  6 Pages In this essay, I will be discussing the main factors that can drive motivation, using theories by Abraham Maslow and Frederick Herzberg. I have chosen Tesco to display how they motivate their employees in the work setting. Motivation is a key factor that influences the work environment. I will speak about what workers are motivated by, why they keep coming to work and what drives them during work. I will speak about why motivation is important and the internal and external stimuli. I will also talkRead MoreHow Motivation Is Defined As The Drive Within A Person1673 Words   |  7 Pageswithin themselves. Numerous studies and experiments have been done on how best to motivate employees. Theories have developed around the results of these studies, each is tailored to the circumstances of the time, place, and people that participated in the study so they do not apply directly to every situation. One of the first and most well known theories was developed by Abraham Harold Maslow. Maslow spent a lot of time developing this idea and he revised it on multiple different occasions. It isRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1741 Words   |  7 Pagesis discuss on the two theories: The Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and Herzberg’s. The Maslow’s hierarchy of needs include five levels, and at the certain extent, reflect the rule of human s activities on psychological and behavior. Herzberg’ describe the more details of worker agree or disagree about working. In this essay, more related knowledge details and effects will de described, then, analysis the two theories individual, choose a better one. II. Describe the two theories. 2.1Maslow’s hierarchyRead MoreMaslows Hierarchy Of Need Essay1481 Words   |  6 Pageslot of various motivation theories were created by such authors as: Abraham Maslow, Frederick Herzberg, Douglas McGregor, David McClelland and others. In that particular paper the author will explore two motivation theories – Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and two factor theory of F. Herzberg. The goal of the paper is comparative analysis of the theories of two authors. The paper consists of three parts: the first two parts give a theoretical insight into two theories. The third part deals withRead MoreMotivation Theories Of A Diverse Workforce During Times Of Change Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership, Motivation, Change Introduction In this paper two motivation theories in a diverse workforce during times of change will be discuss. Differences, including theoretical premises, between two models will be explained. Details relates to challenges and opportunities in a diverse workforce will identified. Strategies to keep a workforce motivated during organizational change will be point out. Two Motivation Theories To begin this discuss a definition of motivation is presented. Motivation

Need for Affiliation free essay sample

Situations that include fear often lead people to want to be together and trigger a need for affiliation. Research done by Schacter (1959) shows that fear that comes from anxiety increases the need for the person to affiliate with others who are going through the same situation or that could help them through the stressful event. The strength of this need changes from one person to the next, there are moments that people just want to be together. The need for affiliation for an individual can vary over short amounts of time; there are times when individuals wish to be with others and other times to be alone. In one study, completed by Shawn OConnor and Larne Rosenblood, beepers were distributed to the students. The students were then asked to record, when their beepers went off, whether or not they wanted to be alone or if they wanted to be with others at that particular moment. This study was done to observe how frequently college students were in the presence of others and how frequently they were alone. The next step in this study asked for the students to record whether, at the time their beeper went off, they wanted to be alone or in the company of others. This response that they gave usually reflected which of the two situations they were experiencing the next time their beepers went off. The information retained from this study helped to show the strength of an individuals need for affiliation. [4] By showing how frequently they obtained the presence of others when they felt that it was what they wanted at that moment it showed how strong their need for affiliation was at that particular moment. Depending on the specific circumstances, an individuals level of need for affiliation can become increased or decreased. Yacov Rofe suggested that the need for affiliation depended on whether being with others would be useful for the situation or not. When the presence of other people was seen as being helpful in relieving an individual from some of the negative aspects of the stressor, an individuals desire to affiliate increases. However, if being with others may increase the negative aspects such as adding the possibility of embarrassment to the already present stressor, the individuals desire to affiliate with others decreases. Individuals are motivated to find and create a specific amount of social interactions. Each individual desires a different amount of a need for affiliation and they desire an optimal balance of time to their self and time spent with others. The pioneering research work of the Harvard Psychological Clinic in the 1930s, summarised in Explorations in Personality, provided the start point for future studies of personality, especially those relating to needs and motives. David C. McClellands and his associates investigations of achievement motivation have particular relevance to the emergence of leadership. McClelland was interested in the possibility of deliberately arousing a motive to achieve in an attempt to explain how individuals express their preferences for particular outcomes — a general problem of motivation. In this connection, the need for achievement refers to an individuals preference for success under conditions of competition. The vehicle McClelland employed to establish the presence of an achievement motive was the type of fantasy a person expressed on the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), developed by Christiana Morgan and Henry Murray, who note in Explorations in Personality that hen a person interprets an ambiguous social situation he is apt to expose his own personality as much as the phenomenon to which he is attending Each picture should suggest some critical situation and be effective in evoking a fantasy relating to it (p531). The test is composed of a series of pictures that subjects are asked to interpret and describe to the psychologist. The TAT has b een widely used to support assessment of needs and motives. The procedure in McClellands initial investigation was to arouse in the test audience a concern with their achievement. A control group was used in which arousal was omitted. In the course of this experiment, McClelland discovered through analyzing the stories on the TAT that initial arousal was not necessary. Instead, members of the control group — individuals who had had no prior arousal — demonstrated significant differences in their stories, some writing stories with a high achievement content and some submitting stories with a low achievement content. Using results based on the Thematic Apperception Test, McClelland demonstrated that individuals in a society can be grouped into high achievers and low achievers based on their scores on what he called N-Ach. McClelland and his associates have since extended their work in fantasy analysis to include different age groups, occupational groups, and nationalities in their investigations of the strength of need for achievement. These investigations have indicated that the N-Ach score increases with a rise in occupational level. Invariably, businessmen, managers, and entrepreneurs are high scorers. Other investigations into the characteristics of the high achievers have revealed that accomplishment on the job represents an end in itself; monetary rewards serve as an index of this accomplishment. In addition, these other studies found that the high achievers, though identified as managers, businessmen, and entrepreneurs, are not gamblers. They will accept risk only to the degree they believe their personal contributions will make a difference in the final outcome. These explorations into the achievement motive seem to turn naturally into the investigation of national differences based on Max Webers thesis that the industrialization and economic development of the Western nations were related to the Protestant ethic and its corresponding values supporting work and achievement. McClelland and his associates have satisfied themselves that such a relationship, viewed historically through an index of national power consumption, indeed exists. Differences related to individual, as well as to national, accomplishments depend on the presence or absence of an achievement motive in addition to economic resources or the infusion of financial assistance. High achievers can be viewed as satisfying a need for self-actualization through accomplishments in their job assignments as a result of their particular knowledge, their particular experiences, and the particular environments in which they have lived.

Human Resource Management Practices Determine

Question: Discuss about the Human Resource Management Practices Determine. Answer: Introduction It is evident that HRM practices determine or facilitate the easy operation of the organizations both in global and domestic market. Thus, the development of globalization leads to growing number of Multinational Corporations. Hence, these multinational organizations largely contribute to the development of the country in terms of economic growth and poverty. It is learnt that development of these organizations in the international business environment considerably relies on the extent of dealing with human resource because of its mobility as well as diversity. As put forward by Wild, Wild and Han (2014), choosing the skilled people who match with the right job should be the major goals while performing in the global environment. The multinational corporations in such nations could deal with the challenge of addressing the human resource. They could make decisions regarding the need of acting similarly with the parent organizations to take the position in international business to fu lfill the local requirements. Furthermore, standardization versus localization can also be considered as the terminology which is more generally employed to refer to useful areas such as marketing as well as human resource management (HRM). The purpose of the report is to understand how this standardization and the localization of subsidiary impacting the HRM practices. The assessment of the report would also help to understand the complexity of cross culture differences with the integration of international human resource management. Possible impact of global standardization versus localization of subsidiary HRM practices As opined by Cavusgil et al., (2014), the standardization of Multinational corporations in this context is usually considered as the standardization of global subsidiary management practice to human resource management practices. For example, the international franchise including McDonalds as well as Starbucks has developed their products and HRM practices across the country. On the contrary, localization is referred to the execution by international subsidiaries of the management practices usually implemented by the domestic organizations in respect to the host countries. In this context, Carroll and Buchholtz (2014) commented that most of the multinational corporations could localize promotion as well as the distribution practices in spite of having a global advertising strategy. Notwithstanding, Jeston and Nelis (2014) mentioned that to remain active or competitive in the globalized market, MNCs need to integrate these opposite approaches into one single and overall strategy. Cons equently, the MNCs face the true challenge of management practices. Although, the global integration as well as the local responsiveness have largely been used to explore international HRM strategy and practices, there is a lack of intensive discussion on this context. It is observed that the distinctiveness of three Head Quarter models provided the organizations with an idea baseline to subsequently investigate HRM practices of six subsidiary group as well as to contrast those with the findings found by Head Quarter. Convergence and divergence The presences of globalization as well as the multinational organization have fired the dispute of convergence and the divergence since the last decade of 20th century. Few decades earlier, the debate was only centralized only on the convergence in one side and divergence is contrary to the convergence site. However, they were further criticized because of its implication Standardization and Localization- It is found out that when the debate of convergence and divergence is fundamentally implied to the macro level, the standardization, and the location are seen to be associated with the organizational level. Most of the multinational organizations are in the need of making decision about managing their subsidiaries on the basis of the host countrys principles or dealing with it by a different set and then determine which route is more suitable as well as efficient for them. As put forward by Papadopoulos and Heslop (2014), MNCs are considered as the tools that communicate globalization, administrative knowledge as well as separated best practices across the world. These multinational organizations could deal with the complication of intuitional aspects in host countries, which could offset the consequence of consistency. Conclusively, the debate of standardization as well as the localization focuses on the organizational and to the meso level, which i s the middle level of macro micro level. Standardization and localization of HRM- In the current present days, HRM is one of the significant administrative aspects in globalization. As put forward by Brannen, Piekkari and Tietze (2014), HRM is at large competitive advantages because of the difficulty of imitating it. Thus, it is also observed that HRM practices have some unique traits and principles that cannot be neglected in standardization. Firstly, human resource management fundamentally depends on the national culture as well as regional characteristics of the nation. In addition, HRM is one of the aspects of prosperity in internationalization. Differences in HRM practices among different culture It is observed that as the social and economic structure of the country have become more familiar as well as dependent to each other understanding about how communication among humans are becoming critical. The managers and the executives of large MNCs are expanding the operation worldwide, their operations need should include the entities in different regions as well as nations understand, and provide solutions to the human resource matters and needs. As opined by Warner (2014), few decades earlier, growing globalization as well as the growth of the new markets like China, Brazil, India and Russia as more keen rivalry among organizations at the international as well as domestic level, which has increased the concern in comparative human resource management. Research indicate that effectual human resource management is positively connected to the financial as well as organizational performance despite best HRM practices are there because of global and cultural differences which proba bly are not always transferable across the nations. Therefore, it can be added that generalizing HRM practices might not be possible across different countries due to the differences in policies, laws and cultures. Similarly, differences in culture could affect HR roles across the borders. Undoubtedly, culture has a significant influence on approaching to deal with the people; thereby, the culture differences quest dissimilarities in management practices. It is identified that human resource management practices vary across the nations due to culture and dimensions. As put forward by Goetsch and Davis (2014), the human working in the organizations as well as each individual has unique personality with the distinct needs, behavior, beliefs and values. According to Wach and Wehrman (2014), culture refers to a set of necessary assumptions often understand, shared by the members of the community including the beliefs about the world as well as it works. Cultural Framework in comparative HRM-Hosftede Culture dimensions A significant strand of the culture perspective is based on Hofstedes conceptualization of four distinct cultural value dimensions. According to Hofstede, the culture patterns are rooted in the value system of substantial grouping of the people and they could stabilize for long period. These notions are significantly necessary in analyzing as well as understanding managerial behavior and reactions (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). Particularly, as culture differences are embedded in managers frame and guide the managerial actions and preferences. In other words, all national culture factors could be considered as the potential influences on how the managers make the decisions as well as perform their roles. Notwithstanding, Hofstede has also been criticized for the limited number of dimensions that fail to capture the richness of national environment. Sources and mechanism of culture influences on HRM- In the context of understanding how national culture features influence organization in general and HRM in particular, the author highlight the fact that culture environment is not external to companies. The mechanisms of social control are widely related to the values as well as patterns of social relations as manifested within the organization. In this context, this indicates that organizations and environmental culture interpenetrate. This technique of interpretation focuses on different sources of culture influences on the design as well as implementation of Human Resource policies and practice. As commented by Storey (2014), national culture is considered to be shaping its members core assumptions. The individuals could take positions in a particular culture socializing similar values and beliefs. On the contrary, the enduring character of culture could help continuously to socialize new generations of members and strengthen the predominant culture values and norms. Best ways to maintain equity and fairness amongst the parent country nationals and host nationals Employees relations are guided by human resource management professionals and the global environment could make it more complicated. One of the major and significant decisions for Human resource management when an organization determines to run the operation in the global market is how the global environment operation will be staffed. Among many other, there are three main staffing strategies that come under HRM practices an organization could apply while getting into the international market with each having its benefits and disadvantages. These strategies are such as home-country national strategy. This particular practice of HRM hires the employees from the home country or the domestic market to live and work. These individuals are considered as the expatriates. Another HRM practice could be host-country national strategy, which indicates employing people who were born in the country where the business is running (Epstein Buhovac, 2014). Similarly, the last one is the third count ry national strategy, which indicates the practice of employing people from an entirely different country from the home country and the host country. Benefits of these three practices have been discussed in the following. Home-Country National Host-country National Third-Country National Advantages :1 Larger control of organization Barriers of language The third country national could better bee equipped to bring the national perspective to the business. Advantages :2 Managers get the opportunity to gain experience in local market Better understanding of local rules and laws Expenses associated with the hiring such as visas could be less expensive than the home country nationals could. Advantages :2 1. Possible intensive understanding as well as execution of the business strategy 2. Better understanding of the culture 3. Moral builders for employees of the host country Hiring cost such as visas are omitted Overall costs associated with hiring such as visas could be less expensive than the home country nationals Table 1: Ways to maintain equity and fairness amongst the parent country nationals and host nationals Examining and justifying criteria for selecting preparing, managing and repatriating international managers Adaptability to culture change It is observed that managers in the international market must be able to adapt to change. These managers rely on the degree of culture toughness. As opined by Janssens Zanoni (2014), many managers are seen to be thrilled at the beginning of their international assignment. However, after few months, a type of culture shock creeps in and they start to deal with the frustration as well as feel confused in their new environment. It is further identified that organizations could further investigate an increased number of characteristics to decide whether an individual is effectively adaptable. Age, experience and education- It is observed that most multinational organizations tend to attempt for developing the balance between the experience and age. The younger managers are observed to be dealing the international assignment. The younger managers usually become worldlier and have greater admiration of other culture than the people who are aged. On the contrary, the young people do not have much of management experience as well as technical skills. They have the scarcity of real world experience. Thus, in order to acquire the expected balance, many organizations prefer to deploy both young as well as seasoned personnel to the international market (Moran, Abramson Moran, 2014). This should be the appropriate way of hiring the managers when it comes to operation in abroad. Language training- It is identified that one well-known weakness of many multinational organizations is that they do not consider the importance of language training. It is evident that English is considered as the primary language of global business; thereby, most expatriates from all nations should converse English. Skills and abilities of being a leader- This refers to the ability of influencing people to behave in a particularly way; thus, people are convinced. The organization would probably have to rely on this skills and ability, when they have to select the leader for international assignment. Further, it is necessary to determine whether an individual who is a skilled leader in the home country would be equally potential in an international environment. Nevertheless, when determining whether an applicant holds the ability, many organizations tend to look for the particular characteristics as maturity emotional stability as well as the skills of communication. Organizational specific requirement- As put forward by Kulik (2014), HRM practitioner should determine the requirements of the organization before choosing an individual, host country need to stop sending the expatriates. The government of the host country is single party that issues the working permits as well as visas to expatiates. The legislation and the changes of the employment should be addressed and the expatriate should move to another nation with the family where the living conditions could be challenging. Issues of HRM implications in international business Globalization- As the political as well as financial extent, globalization is considered as the technique of denationalization of markets, legal structure and politics, which is known as the so-called global economy. It is identified that globalization may involve the extension that could go beyond the national borders of the same industry dynamics and these can be operated for the centuries of financial activities dealt by humans. This helps to learn that global trade and financial markets could be more integrated. It is further learnt that increasing globalization of business has its large impact on HRM in terms of issues of unfamiliar laws and language practices. Diversity in the workplace- As opined by Armstrong and Taylor (2014), dimension of diversity in the workplace include age, ethnicity, gender, physical disabilities, race, sexual orientation, religious belief and many more. Diversity could be a major issue for the organizations especially for the people who have to go to the overseas operation. The future success of any firm relies on the ability to deal with the diverse body of talent that could bring innovate ideas, perspective and views to their work. It can be mentioned that challenge as well as the issues faced of workplace diversity could be turned into a strategic organizational asset if the firms are able to cap Conclusion On the completion of the report, it can be mentioned that as the markets have come dynamic in both local and global environment, the HRM practices should be developed based on the changes occur. On the contrary, international business could be affected when the home country and trading country are at war. Thus, if two nations are at war then there will not be any international trade between the nations. In addition, if the attitude of the host country towards the foreign investment is negative; the host country could impose specific rules for MNCs. Reference list Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Brannen, M. Y., Piekkari, R., Tietze, S. (2014). The multifaceted role of language in international business: Unpacking the forms, functions and features of a critical challenge to MNC theory and performance.Journal of International Business Studies,45(5), 495-507. Carroll, A. B., Buchholtz, A. K. (2014).Business and society: Ethics, sustainability, and stakeholder management. Nelson Education. Cavusgil, S. T., Knight, G., Riesenberger, J. R., Rammal, H. G., Rose, E. L. (2014). International business. Pearson Australia. Epstein, M. J., Buhovac, A. R. (2014).Making sustainability work: Best practices in managing and measuring corporate social, environmental, and economic impacts. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2014).Quality management for organizational excellence. pearson. Janssens, M., Zanoni, P. (2014). Alternative diversity management: Organizational practices fostering ethnic equality at work.Scandinavian Journal of Management,30(3), 317-331. Jeston, J., Nelis, J. (2014).Business process management. Routledge. Kulik, C. T. (2014). Working below and above the line: The researchpractice gap in diversity management.Human Resource Management Journal,24(2), 129-144. Moran, R. T., Abramson, N. R., Moran, S. V. (2014).Managing cultural differences. Routledge. Papadopoulos, N., Heslop, L. A. (2014).Product-country images: Impact and role in international marketing. Routledge. Storey, J. (2014).New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Teece, D. J. (2014). A dynamic capabilities-based entrepreneurial theory of the multinational enterprise.Journal of International Business Studies,45(1), 8-37. Wach, K., Wehrman, C. (2014). Entrepreneurship in International Business: International Entrepreneurship as the Intersection of Two Fields.International Entrepreneurship and Corporate Growth in Visegrad Countries, 9-22. Warner, M. (2014).Culture and management in Asia. Routledge. Weiss, J. W. (2014).Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Wild, J., Wild, K. L., Han, J. C. (2014).International business. Pearson Education Limited.

Realism And Naturalism In 20th Century American Fiction Essays

Realism and Naturalism in 20th Century American Fiction American people and the authors among them were left disillusioned by the effects that World War I had on their society. America needed a literature that would explain what had happened and what was happening to their society. American writers turned to what is now known as modernism. The influence of 19th Century realism and naturalism and their truthful representation of American life and people was evident in post World War I modernism. This paper will try to prove this by presenting the basic ideas and of these literary genres, literary examples of each, and then make connections between the two literary movements. Realism and Modernism not only depicted American society after World War I accurately and unbiasedly, but also tried to find the solutions brought upon by the suffering created by the war (Elliott 705). The realistic movement of the late 19th century saw authors accurately depict life and its problems. Realists attempted to ?give a comprehensive picture of modern life? (Elliott 502) by presenting many walks of life. They did not try to give one view of life but instead attempted to show the different classes, manners, and stratification of life in America. Realists created this picture of America by combining a wide variety of ?details derived from observation and documentation? to ?approach the norm of experience? (Elliot 503). Along with this technique, realists compared the ?objective or absolute existence? in America to that of the ?universal truths, or observed facts of life? (Harvey 12). In other words, realists objectively looked at American society and pointed out the aspects that it had in common with the general truths of existence. This realistic movement evolved as a result of many changes and transitions in American culture. In the late 1800's, the United States was exp eriencing ?swift growth and change? (Bradley114) as a result of a changing economy, society, and culture because of an influx in the number of immigrants into America. Realists such as Henry James and William Dean Howells, two of the most prolific writers of the Nineteenth century, used typical realistic methods to create an accurate depiction of changing American life. William Dean Howells made his ?comic criticisms of society? (Bradley 114) by comparing American culture with those of other countries. In his ?comic? writings, Howells criticized American morality and ethics but still managed to accurately portray life as it happened. He attacked and attempted to resolve ?the moral difficulties of society by this rapid change? (Elliott 505). He believed that novels should ?should present life as it is, not as it might be? (American Literature Compton's). In the process of doing this, Howells demonstrated how life shaped the characters in his novels and their own motives and inspirati ons. By concentrating on these characters' strengths as opposed to creating a strong plot, he thematically wrote of how life was more good than evil and, in return, wanted his literature to inspire more good. On the other hand, Henry James judged the world from a perspective ?offered by society and history? (Bradley 704). He also separated himself from America to create an unbiased view of it as a ?spectator and analyst rather than recorder? (Spiller 169) of the American social structure. He wrote from a perspective that allowed him to contrast American society with that of Europe by contrasting the peoples' ideas. By contrasting social values and personal thought about America's view of America, he presented to the people the differing motivational factors that stimulated the different social classes (Bradley 1143). Overall, these writers managed to very formally portray America as it was while adding their own criticisms about it in an attempt to stimulate change. The naturalist movement slowly developed with most of the same ideals as those of the realists in that it attempted to find life's truths. In contrast, Naturalists, extreme realists, saw the corrupt side of life and how environment ?deprived individuals of responsibility? (Elliott 514). Literary naturalism invited writers to examine human beings objectively, as a ?scientist studies nature? (?Am. Lit.? Compton's). In portraying ugliness and cruelty, the authors refrained from preaching about them; rather they left readers to draw their own conclusions about the life they

The Basis For An Exploratory Essay Sample

The Basis For An Exploratory Essay SampleThe basis for an exploratory essay sample is the expression of one's ideas or thoughts, opinions and desires in a short paragraph or a few sentences. In most cases, the syllabus may tell you to write this sentence, but in reality you should be able to express yourself better than that. You may not be able to use the words precisely that someone else will. However, you are free to write as briefly as you can about the topic in a way that is easily understood.It is a good idea to set a time limit on yourself when you write. Having a deadline gives you a sense of purpose and motivates you to complete your paper faster. It is also helpful to choose a particular activity that you are going to spend your time on. If this is an assignment that requires reading and research, you will need to spend some time doing that. If it is writing an essay, you may choose to do something else with your time.Writing the whole essay, however, can take up a lot of t ime. As such, it may be helpful to make some notes and copies. Make a couple of copies so that you can keep a copy of the original work for later reference. You may even be able to use these copies to help you answer your own questions when you have other questions about the syllabus.Making notes about the essay, even while you are working on it, is extremely helpful. You will be able to remember what steps you took and what order to move the parts of the essay from. Many students will fail to write down their notes during the course of the semester, simply because they forget to do so. You will find that your students will tend to ask you questions about your notes later.Writing down your notes is not just helpfulfor the essay itself, but it can also help you answer any questions that your students may have. Some questions are going to have to be phrased in a way that does not contradict your own beliefs or your interpretation of the syllabus. This is especially true if you will be writing another application.When you have ideas about other topics that may seem to conflict with your own, it may be helpful to write them down first, so that you can get a better understanding of what your own reasons are. Sometimes, you can disagree without ever actually saying anything, because of how simple or deep your disagreement is. For instance, if your friend is saying something about religion, and you are asking a question about whether or not you should stop drinking alcohol, you can admit that you don't really know how your friend feels about the subject. It is still useful to know, however, that your friend is deeply concerned about it.The basis for an exploratory essay sample is not only a statement of the facts. It is a statement of an interpretation of those facts. Many times, the student will be asked to choose a word that describes the world in which he lives. The student may feel a strong affinity for a certain color or species of animal, and that these are his strong passions.This does not mean that these things cannot change, however. Instead, the student may feel strongly about a hobby, and he may be trying to bring that hobby into the light. He may feel passionately about something that has nothing to do with the facts in the syllabus. It is always a good idea to be passionate about something, because it is a good way to make a statement about one's own understanding of life.

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN HUMAN SOCIETY essays

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN HUMAN SOCIETY essays WHAT IS THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN HUMAN SOCIETY? Be the government a dictorcratic, autocratic or democratic, all these have one thing in common and that is to rule the citizens under its power as established by the ruling citizens and or parties. Any government form will fight to preserve its sovereignty from both foreign and domestic enemies. Based on all wants and needs of the governing party and the people associated, laws are established to tax the people and develop both a working force and militia for the society and to establish penalties for any that would violate such laws and oppose the current government. Government is a leadership from of society structuring in which a person or a group of people act in behalf of those that placed the leadership on them, be it a birth-right, family position, an election, or a nomination. The simplest form of government is that of the basic family unit. Where there is a single-family head over all the other members. The family head judges and balances all the families wants and needs based on the resources of the family and its capabilities. In most instances the head is one of the family elders who has: sound knowledge and wisdom about most matters affecting the family. The head acts for the betterment of the family and all associated with it by either marriage or other agreements. A government is a protective body set up to protect the people from domestic and foreign threats. Insuring that all citizens share the cost. A government is like a scale, balancing the needs and the wants of' the people. The government is established through individuals being elected to represent the citizens in its community, state and nation. These individuals establish laws to be voted on by the citizens. These laws are set up to protect and provide for the people. Balancing the needs of everyone fairly. The government is also the banker who collects and dispenses the money it needs in orde ...